QI’E Machinery can offer turnkey palm oil extraction projects. Feel free to send an inquiry for more details! We will be always at your service!
Typical palm oil extraction process: fresh fruit bunches (FFBs) reception, sterilizing, fruit bunches threshing, fruit digesting and oil extraction. The crush palm oil is generally further processed in palm oil refinery plant to manufacture edible oil.
Fruit Reception – The First Step of Palm Oil Extraction
The palm fruits are as bunches when arriving the fruit reception/receiving station of palm oil extraction plant. Before the processing of oil extraction, they are weighed in trucks by use of weighbridges. It should be underlined here that the quality of final palm oil is initially affected by the quality of bunches arriving at the palm oil mill. The palm oil extraction process or machine can only prevent or minimize the further deterioration, but cannot enhance this quality.
Effect Factors of Final Palm Oil Quality and Composition
The field calculates that influence the structure and last nature of palm oil:
Oil Palm Tree Species
Oil Palm Tree Age
Agronomic
Natural
Gathering Technique
Handling And Transport
Maybe some measures can be took during harvesting and transporting. However, most of the above factors are beyond control, especially in scale-scale palm oil extraction plant. The following is the complete process flow of large palm oil mill. Feel free to inquire about the cost, if you are interested our palm oil extraction machine or plant.
Technique of Palm Fruit Harvesting
The oil content of the palm fruit is very low in the early phases of formation and it increases as the fruit grow. When the fruits is maturity, the oil content is about 50% of mesocarp weigh.
The fresh fruits apt to be bruised in many cases before extraction of palm oil, especially during the processes of harvesting, loading and unloading. However, the FFA (free fatty acids) in the bruised part of fruit can increase to 60% rapidly in just an hour, which greatly affects the composition and quality of final palm oil. The answer to reduce the damage to palm oil extraction quality is to send the fresh fruit bunches to process and extracting the fruits as early as possible once harvested, at the latest within 48 hours.
About Oil Palm
Oil palm is mainly distributed in countries with high rainfall in tropical climates, such as Malaysia and Nigeria. Due to its economic importance as a high-yielding wellspring of edible and specialized oil, oil palm is now grown as plantation crop.
The palm bears its fruit in bunches varying in weight from 10 to 40 kg. The individual fruit, ranging from 6 to 20 gm. The fruit is comprised of exocarp (outer skin), mesocarp (pulp) and central nut. The central nut consists of shell (endocarp) and kernel. The palm oil is extracted from the fibrous matrix of palm pulp, while palm kernel oil is extracted from the kernel.
The sterilization or cooking station of palm oil mill is a process to loose fruit by use of high-temperature wet-heat treatment.The difference between cooking and sterilization is that cooking uses hot water whereas sterilization involves the use of pressurized steam.
Main Equipment: Fruit Cage, Horizontal Sterilizer and Tippler.
Palm oil is generally processed by sterilization. The sterilization process serves the following processes. As a kind of improtant palm oil machine, palm oil sterilizer (sterilizing machinery) serves the following purposes.
Purpose of Palm Oil Sterilizing Process
The heat treatment helps destroy oil-splitting enzymes and seizes hydrolysis and autoxidation.
In large scale palm oil mill plant, where the fresh fruit bunches (FFBs) need to be cooked whole, the steam weakens the stem of the fruit and reduces the effort required to get the fruit from the bunch with mere tumbling in the threshing machine or shaking.
The heat is very important since it assists in solidifying proteins that contain the oil-bearing cells that are microscopically dispersed in it. This process of protein solidification/coagulation enables the oil bearing cells to collect together and flow with much ease when pressure is exerted.
Further, the fruit is subjected to cooking to weaken the pulp structure, make it soft and easy to remove the fibrous material and its components during the process of digestion. High heat is recommended to partially disband the oil containing cells found in the mesocarp and further allows the oil to flow more readily. This stage of processing is very important.
During sterilization, the moisture produced by the steam helps to chemically disintegrate the gums and resins. If this is not done, the resins and gum will cause foam during frying. Since part of the resins and gums are soluble in water, you can choose to apply wet steam to dissolve them in water such that they can be easily removed during clarification. Even the starch contained in the fruit can be hydrolyzed and removed in the same way.
High-pressure steam is recommended for sterilization to cause the (warm air) moisture in the nuts to expand. Reducing the pressure causes contraction of the nuts and detachment of the kernels within their shells.
After detaching the kernel from its shell wall, the nut cracking operation then begins. This clearly demonstrates that sterilization is therefore the most important process here. It is a pre-requisite for the success of all other palm oil processing processes.
On high-pressure steam heating, the sterilization systems causes the bunches to loosen the fruits. This is critical because it helps the palm fruit bunches loose less water during the process.
Palm Oil Mill Projects in Malaysia
The following is one of our palm oil pressing plant built in Malyasis. It is composed of 2 lines. The capacity of each line is 40 Tons per hour. Feel free to contact us for more information about our palm oil machines and projects.
It is very important to ensure that air in the sterilizer is evacuated before the process of sterilization begins. The air may act as a blocker to heat transfer and again most likely to increase oxidation particularly at high temperatures. Note that oxidation risks is common during high temperature sterilization whereas over-oxidation may as well cause poor or partial bleach ability of the end product (oil). Sterilization is undoubtedly the main cause of the discolouration of palm kernels resulting to poor bleach ability of the extracted oil and no doubt, the cause of reduction in the protein value of the oil press cake.
Build an Automatic Palm Oil Pressing Line
We can offer all kinds of palm oil machine including sterilizer, digester, stripper, screw oil pressing machinery, palm oil filter machine. We also undertake turnkey solutions for premium large scale palm oil pressing line. As a professinal and reliable palm oil machinery manufacturer and supplier in China with decades of experience, we can offer all-around services from palm oil mill plant designing, process customizing, palm oil machinery manfuacturing, on-site debugging and installing.
Alll the projects we build for our customers are designed depanding on their specific situation, requirements and cost budget. If you are keen in buying palm oil machines or building a palm oil mill plant, don’t hesitate to inquiry about the details or cost! We are always at your service 7×24 hours!
QI’E Machinery is a leading manufacturer & supplier of high quality palm oil and palm kernel oil processing machine. We are committed to update the oil processing technology to help customers to get the most advanced palm oil processing equipment at favorable price. Our core equipment includes palm oil milling machine, palm oil refining equipment, palm kernel oil extraction machine, palm kernel oil refinery plant, and palm oil fractionation equipment, etc..In addition, we also provide one-stop service to help customers setup palm oil processing turnkey project, including factory design, machine manufacturing, installation, commissioning and training services!
Threshing Palm Oil
The palm fruit received in the palm oil mill plant are palm fruit bunches which are embedded with many small individual fruits. In the threhsing process, the individual palm fruits will be detached from the bunches by use of FFBs thresher/stripper. Rotating Drum and Fixed Drum are the two main threshing machine applied in palm oil milling process. The bunch waste from the palm oil milling process is incinerated and the ash, a rich source of potassium, is returned to the plantation as fertilizer.
We meet the demands of virtually every application in the edible palm oil milling industries. With premium quality palm oil manufacturing machinery and professional processing systems & technologies in the field of palm oil extraction and refineries, our expertise with mature experiences can help you design and build customized palm oil mill.
Ideal Composition of Palm Fruit Bunch
Bunch weight
23-27 kg
Fruit/bunch
60-65 %
Oil/bunch
21-23 %
Kernel/bunch
5-7 %
Mesocarp/bunch
44-46 %
Mesocarp/fruit
71-76 %
Kernel/fruit
21-22
Shell/fruit
10-11
Setup up Small Scale Palm Oil Mill Plant
Small scale palm oil mill plant earns more and more popularity in palm oil industry, especially in Africa since it requires less investment. Small scale palm oil processing equipment is relatively small, taking up less spaces. Also, it is easy to operate and do not requires complicate process.
For small scale palm oil mill plant, the threshing process may be after or before the oil palm sterilization based on the specific capacity. For technical questions, please contact us directly and our engineers will get back to you as soon as possible!
Supply high quality palm oil processing machines and customized solutions for crude palm oil processing. Premium machinery, competitive price!
Palm Oil Processing Plant – Digesting System
The purpose of digestion in palm oil processing plant is to rupture the oil-bearing cells of fruit and release the palm oil. The digester is a steam-heated cylindrical vessel. In the digester, there is a central rotating shaft carrying a number of beater arms which is used to pound the fruit. To destroy the exocarp of palm fruit, disrupt the oil cells and reduce the viscosity of the oil, the digesting process is done under high temperature. But for most small scale palm oil mill, in order to reduce cost, it is designed without heat insulation and steam injections.
There is one more thing you should know about digesting system. In the palm oil processing mill, when the metal wear of digester exceed the highest rate, there will be increasing risk of oil oxidation and the onset of oil rancidity.
How to Build a Crude Palm Oil Processing Plant
<td>Sterilization Station: Sterilization process follows where a lot of heat is used to cook the fruit. In this station of palm oil processing, enzymatic reactions are also stopped, arresting hydrolysis ,auto-oxidation and the outer cover of the fruit (exocarp) is also weakened allowing easier oil extraction from the fruit. This process can be done by either roasting/smoking which is done after threshing process or by steaming/boiling which should be done before threshing process.
Bunch Reception Station: The palm oil processing plant starts after the harvesting of the palm fruit bunches where they are taken to the palm oil mill for processing. During the harvesting process the fruits should be handled with care to prevent bruising them as the bruise reduces the quality of oil extracted.
Threshing Station: The fruit bunches then undergo threshing which separates the fruitlets from the bunch in a rotating drum. It can be done manually or a mechanical by use of palm oil processing machinery – thresher / threshing machine. The loose fruits are then conveyed to the another palm oil processing machine – digester, and the empty fruit bunches are separated and returned to the plantation or used as fuel in the boiler.
Digesting Station: The fruits are then digested in the digester. This process involves the crushing of the fruits and warming the pulp before oil extraction is done. Warming is important in order to maximize oil extraction.
Palm Oil Pressing Station: Pressing is then done which yields press liquor (oil, water sand and other solid impurities) by use of palm oil pressing machine (expeller). The nuts can be removed before digesting to yield grade A oil or the mesocarp can be pressed together with nut. Pressing the pulp bursts out the cells carrying the oil hence releasing the palm oil. Manual, hydraulic and screw presses can be used. Care should be taken when using the hydraulic press to ensure that the hydraulic fluid does not get in to contact with the oil as it is poisonous, hydraulics also require frequent replacements as they wear out fast due to absorption of moisture from the air hence losing their effectiveness. Screw press is the most recommended palm oil pressing machine as it yields most oil.
Crud Palm Oil Clarification: Oil is then clarified, in this process impurities screening is done whereby large solids of fiber and dirt are removed from the raw oil .Water is then added to the raw oil in order to improve the separation process. After sieving process the raw crude oil is obtained but it still contains fine solids and water. Water is removed by introduction of a steam in the coils (increasing the temperature in the coils). The fine solids that are in the oil are removed finally as they sediment hence separating oil from the sludge to obtain about 163 kg of oil per one tone of the palm fruits processed.
Oil Drying and Cooling: Oil drying and cooling is the last step of crude palm oil processing plant, which is done due to presence of high content of water in the crude oil. The purified oil is then collected in to a vacuum evaporation system after drying. The oil is stored in tanks ready for sale to an oil refinery. The solid parts (nuts and fiber) are separated by physical means the fiber is used in the boiler as fuel.
Supply turnkey palm oil pressing plant and all kinds of quality palm oil machines including palm oil press, palm oil expeller and filter with competitive price. Send an inquiry now and tell us your budget, situation and other requirements. Then we can guide you starting palm oil pressing and refinery business step by step.
After bunch reception, bunch sterilizing, threshing and digesting, the palm fruits are pressed into a screw palm oil press. Mixture of oil and cake will be extracted by use of palm oil press machine. Besides, nuts and fibre or press cake will also be discharged as palm oil pressing residues.
Palm Oil Pressing Machine (Oil Extraction)
Screw pressing is the main method of palm oil extraction. In pressing stage, mechanical screw palm oil pressing machine is used to extract the oil out of digested palm pulp which is a mixture of oil, water, fibre and nuts.
Hydraulic presses and the older centrifuges have been deemed almost redundant today as palm oil processing plants these days use specifically designed screw-presses much like the ones used for other kinds of oil seeds. Palm oil screw press is made of a rod-shaped punctured enclosure and a narrowly fitting screw running through it. The digested palm fruit mashes are unceasingly carried through the enclosure and taken to an opening that is restricted by a cone which generates the pressure needed to extract the oil via the cage perforations in the enclosure.
Due to the commotion and massage action that is applied on the fruit pulp in the pressing cage, screw presses are known as the most effective machinery in breaking open the oil cells that remain unopened and hence extract more oil. Screw oil presses can be viewed as an extra digester. They are ideal for the extraction of palm oil and other kinds of vegetable oil.
Facts about Processing of Palm Oil
Palm oil extraction process can extract two kinds of oil products from oil palm fruit. One is palm oil which is pressed from the flesh of palm fruit. The other is palm kernel oil extracted from the kernel of the fruit. Both palm oil and palm kernel oil can be further processed for making a wide range of fractions and derivatives. Palm kernel expeller/cake is widely applied in animal feed industry or be further processed in pellet plant for feeding animals or burning directly.
Main Technical Data
Utility Consumption (Calculated on the basis of the amount needed for processing per ton of fresh palm-fruit bunches)
Steam
Water
Electric Power
0.5 Ton
1 Ton
25 kw.h
Quality of Crude Palm Oil Produced
Free Fatty Acid (FFA)
≤5%
Moisture and Impurity (M&I)
≤0.25%
Iodine Value (IV)
50.6~55.1
Melting Point (M.Pt)
30.8~37.6
Essential Process of Palm Oil Extraction Plant
The following steps are essential process for both small scale palm oil processing plant and large scale extraction production of palm oil, which means no matter how simple or sophistication of the extraction plant, these steps cannot be omitted.
Separating each single fruit from the whole bunch mechanically or manually.
Soften the palm fruit by boiling or steaming.
Pressing oily liquid out from the fruit pulp by use of physical palm oil extractor (screw oil press is used generally).
Purify the oily liquid by use of artificial clarifiers or by purification system.
Palm oil processing project is a great business to invest in, which has very large market demand and profit space!
In complete palm oil productin plant, clarification is the process that ensures removal of all impurities from the crude oil. The sludge is taken different tank chambers and processes to remove particles and other suspended materials. Settling tanks that are based on gravity are used in eliminating the solids. In other levels, the centrifuge can be taken into action. High temperatures of 85-90 degrees are used and water introduced to dissolve the content. At the end of palm oil clarification, a vacuum dryer is used to evaporate water from the oil. The following is a step to step guideline that is followed in clarification of palm oil production process to get pure palm oil.
With decades of experiences in designing and manufacturing vegetable oil milling machinery and oil mill plant. We can offer turnkey projects service, including palm oil pressing, palm kernel oil solvent extraction and palm oil refinery plant! Over the years, there has been a growing demand in use of palm oil and its products. It is harvested from the palm fruit which grows on a Palm tree. The oil has been found to have many uses. Mostly, it is used as vegetable oil, in shampoo, margarine, lip stick, and in many other products. There is need therefore for a purified product that is hygienic and safe for use. Grasp the business opportunity and inquiry about customized project design and cost evalutation of palm oil processing plant.
Our Successful Palm Oil Production Projects in Malaysia
Clarification Process in Palm Oil Production
Use of a Vibrating Screen
To begin with, the crude oil carries with it all types of matter. Some of the solid materials are: fibers from the palm fruit, dirt, and fragments. It is important to remove from the mixture the large particles first. There is no way that the solids can be allowed through. Water is added to the raw oil where it is passed through a vibrating screen. It is common knowledge that the vibrations separate the solids to the top of the solution. The separation process goes forward by sieving the material that separates at the top. This however does not take away the small particles and water which can as well oxidize upon coming into contact with air hence affecting the quality of the palm oil.
Suspended Solids Separation from the Crude Oil
It is expected that at the end of the process, the composition of the crude oil should be 90% oil and 10% water. The oil is heated by live stream or in closed system using heating coils. The separation of the suspended solids is done with the “oil separation tank” method. The heating facilitates the gravity separation. However, this procedure is not very effective. Only about 50% of the suspended material is removed. The remaining material is either in the settled residue or the suspended solids. This can however be effected by adding the centrifuge to the oil clarification system. The 3-phase decanter improves the separation process. At this stage, the oil that is settled at the tank is taken in the sludge tank where it is treated to have more oil extracted from it. What lies on the upper part of the separating tank is collected using the funnel and goes to the oil purification system.
Purification Process
By now, there are still some suspended solids in the palm oil. They need to be removed during the production of palm oil by all means. Some of the solids are very fine. The raw crude oil that settled at the top in the settling tank is hereby mixed with the recovered oil that was taken in the sludge tank. It is well treated before mixing. The combined mixture is made to go through the purification process. The process is enhanced and improved by use of centrifuges. This is the final part of the palm oil purification process. It all entails the removal of remaining solids that are commonly smaller and finer. The centrifuges have an automatic cake discharge and cleaning system too.
Oil Drying and Cooling
A lot of water which has been previously added to the palm oil needs to be removed from the purified crude oil. Remember that the final product should only contain 90% crude oil and10% water. The oil is subjected to a treatment process that is referred to as oil drying and cooling process of palm oil production plant. What other better way to do away with the excess water than to expose it to evaporation? In this regard, the purified oil is introduced to a vacuum evaporating system. After the removal of water, the pure crude oil is stored in tanks ready to be sold to oil refinery.
Now you know what clarification of palm oil production demands. It is a process aimed to remove impurities from the crude palm oil. The oil goes through the process of vibration, separation of suspended solids, purification, and finally drying and cooling.
Offer customized turnkey palm oil refining solutions with competitive price and all-around service for palm oil production business, from factory layout designing, oil processing machine selection and manufacturing, to onsite installing and debugging! You are welcome to inquiry about detailed information about building a palm oil or palm kernel oil refining plant.
Typical Proceess of Palm Oil Refining
Generally, palm oil refining process includes: degumming, deacidification, decolorizing, deodorizing. Some of palm oil processing plant may also have fractionation process to enrich the final palm oil products. The following is some knowledge on palm oil degumming, which is generally the first refining process of crude palm oil
Successful Projects of Edible Oil Refinery Plant
The following is some onsite photos of our edible oil refining projects including refining of palm oil. Feel free to contact us if you are interested!
Technically, degumming of palm oil is referred as an operation of purification in palm oil refining process, since crude palm oil (CPO) normally contains impurities in the colloidal state or dissolved in them. In degumming process, phospholipids featured of strong emulsifying action are removed by a variety of treatments. The objective is achieved by treating the CPO with specified quantity of food grade acid, normally phosphoric or citric acid of certain concentration, either singly or in combination. The precipitated materials are then removed by centrifuging, filtering or adsorption. In short, degumming of palm oil is a process of removing unwanted gums, so that to ensure the stability of the palm oil in later stage of refining plant.
Palm Oil Degumming Process (Dry Degumming)
Dry degumming is widely applied in refining low phosphatide oil such as palm oil, or used for preparing oils for further physical refining. Gums are removed through precipitation by acid conditioning and via filtration in the bleaching process, rather than centrifugal separation. It is a well-proven degumming method featured of cost effective. Below shows the flow diagram of dry degumming process of palm oil refining.
Dry degumming process of palm oil: For crude palm oil refining plant, drying degumming process is suggested. Classically, crude palm oil is first mixed with about 0.05– 0.1% concentrated phosphoric acid. Then, after a short retention time, about 1 or 2% acid-activated bleaching earth is added under vacuum at a temperature of 80–120℃. After a suitable contact time, the spent earth is removed by filtration. Phosphoric acid is mainly used by palm oil refiners especially in Malaysia, due to economical reasons. However, citric acid is also used in some cases. The critical factor affecting the quality of refined palm oil is the introduced amount of acid. Either over or under dosage can lead to darkening and offflavor problems of the RBD palm oil.
Except dry degumming, there are also other types of degumming methods applied in vegetable oil refining plant, such as water degumming and acid degumming. The main differences between these types lie in processing method and chemicals used. Besides, the selection degumming method is based on the content of phosphatides in the crude oil.
Water Degumming: Water degumming is suggested for refining crude oil with phosphorus content around 200ppm, such as soybean oil. The crude oil is firstly go through precipitatation by pure water hydration. Then gums are removed from the crude oil by using the principle of centrifugal separation. Water is the key agent in this degumming process. Below shows the flow diagram of water-degumming process of oil refining plant.
Acid degumming: Through acid conditioning process, gums are precipitated from the crude oil and then be removed by centrifugal separation. It is normally used in refining process of rice bran and sunflower oil.
Feel free to contact us if you are interested in detailed information about our refining solution of crude palm oil. We are always at your services!
Large palm oil mill project is designed with a tank for storage crude palm oil after clarification process, before dispatch from the mill. The storage temperature of bulk palm oil is controlled around 50°C, so that to reduce the oxidation rate of oil. Hot water or low-pressure steam-heating coils are used in the storage silo to prevent fractionation and solidification. The storage tanks/silo in our palm oil mill projects are all lined with suitable protective coating, effectively prevent iron contamination.
Palm Oil Storage Principles
Kill contaminating micro-organisms and destruct enzymes in the fresh palm fruits by heating during sterilization process.
Prevent microbial growth by drying before storage. Low moisture content can prolong the shelf life of palm oil.
Choose proper method and tank to store the bulk palm oil after extraction to slow down rancidity.
Successful Palm Oil Mill Projects
The following are some onsite photos of our palm oil milling projects.
Tell us your budget and requirement by filling the following form, and our salesman will offer you customized palm oil milling solutions, plant layout design and cost. It’s our great pleasure to service you at any time!
We can offer turnkey palm oil refinery plant solutions from plant layout design, machinery manufacturing, onsite debugging and installing. The production capacity ranges from 1 ton/d up to 400 ton/day. Send ~us an inquiry if you are interested in start palm oil refining line or factory. We are always glad to give suggestions for your business!
Depending on the level of automation, palm oil refinery plant can be divided into the following three categories:
1.Batch Refinery Plant: 1TPD，2TPD， 3TPD， 5TPD，10TPD，15TPD, 20TPD, 30TPD. (Suitable for mini and small palm oil refining factory)
2.Semi-continuous Refinery Plant: 15TPD，20TPD.30TPD (Suitable for middle-sized palm oil processing plant)
3.Continuous Refinery Plant: 30TPD ,50TPD,100TPD,200TPD,400TPD (Suitable for industrial scale palm oil mill plant)
Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is mainly further processed into edible oil for food purpose. To meet the international industry’s standards for edible oil, the crude palm oil produced by oil mills should be refined in palm oil refinery plant. Palm oil refinery process mainly includes palm oil degumming, palm oil deacidification, palm oil bleaching and palm oil deodorization.
The refining process removes water, odouriferous matter, phosphatides, free fatty acids and other impurities including dirt and traces of metals from palm oil mill. After processed in palm oil refinery plant, the final oil product is a kind of premium edible oil of consistent quality which not only satisfies customer requirements and industry’s standards in respect of Iodine Value, FFA, flavor, color, melting point, peroxide value, impurities and moisture.
Basic Steps of Edible Oil Refining Process
Step 1: Remove the easily hydratable phospholipids by degumming with water.
Step 2: Convert the remaining on-hydralable phospholipids into hydratable phospholipids.
Step 3: Adding a slight excess of sodium hydroxide solution to neutralize the free fatty acids. Then, wash out the hydrated phospholipids and soaps;
Step 4: Bleaching with natural or acid-activated clay minerals to adsorb colouring components and to decompose hydroperoxides.
Step 5: Remove volatile components through steam distillation process under elevated temperature (180-220°C) and low pressure (2-6 mbar).
Physical Refinery Vs. Chemical Refinery
Crude palm oil can be processed by either physical refining (distillative neutralization, steam stripping) or chemical refining (alkaline refining) to produce RBDPO and NBDPO. RBDPO refers to refined, bleached and deodourised palm oil, while NBDPO refiers to neutralised, bleached and deodourised palm oil.
Physical Refining of Palm Oil
Physical refining is also known as steam refining. In degumming process, it utilizes citric acid or food grade phosphoric acid to remove natural gums in the form of phosphatides. Then, in bleaching process, under vacuum, Fuller’s Earth is used to remove colouring matters and adsorb any metal ions. The deacidification and deodorization process is under high temperature and low pressure. By used of live steam, the FFA is stripped of. The steam is then recovered together with the entrained oil is as palm fatty acid distillate. The off-flavors and odours can also be removed from the crude palm oil in the steam distillation process. Before polishing, the refined oil needs to be cooled to 55°C.
Physical palm oil refining process is the most common used type in palm oil processing industry. It is featured of low production cost, high efficiency, simple production process and low effluent load.
Chemical Refining of Palm Oil
In the chemical refining process, the FFA is removed by neutralisation with caustic soda (sodium hydroxide). This chemical reaction produces neutralised CPO and a soap stock. By used of a high-speed separator, the soap stock can be separated from the oil. Then, through earth bleaching, colour pigments and metal ions are removed from the neutralised oil. Then, in deodorization process, odoriferous matters such as ketones and aldehydes are removed by steam distillation under vacuum.
When refining crude oil with high carotene content, high initial FFA (up to 5%) and low phosphatides, chemical oil refinery plant is suggested, considering operating costs and refining losses.
What is a palm oil refinery?
Palm oil refining is aim to remove phospholipids, FFA, pigment, gums, waxes, off-flavor and other impurities in the crude palm oil . The main process of palm oil refining processes are: degumming & deacidification , decolorization and deodorization. Chemical refining and physical refining of crude plam oil.
What is the physical refining process of palm oil?
Physical refining of palm oil requires crude palm oil to pass through three main processing steps, namely, degumming, bleaching in the pretreatment step, and also deodorization, for its purification into refined bleached and deodorized palm oil.
How to make refined palm oil?
Physical and Chemical Process in Palm Oil Refining Plant
In order to get the pure and refined oil, there are three main process in chemical palm oil refinery plant and chemical palm kernel oil refinery plant: degumming process, bleaching process and deodourising process.
How do you refine high quality palm oil?
In order to meet edible standards, crude palm oil needs to go through a series of processes. It mainly includes four steps of degumming, deacidification, decolorization and deodorization. During the entire palm oil refining process, due to different process requirements, the machine materials used are different.
How does an oil refinery plant work?
The crude is heated by a furnace and is sent to a distillation tower, where it is separated by boiling point. Then the material is converted by heating, pressure or a catalyst into finished products including fuels like gasoline and diesel, and specialty products like asphalt and solvents.
What is the difference between palm oil and refined palm oil?
You can find two main types of palm oil in shops: unrefined and refined. Unrefined palm oil keeps its natural color and nutrients. On the other hand, refined palm oil loses some nutrients due to processing. But, it has a longer shelf life.
What is the waste of palm oil refinery?
The industry generates substantial amounts of waste — including empty fruit bunches (EFBs), palm oil mill effluent (POME) and palm kernel shells (PKS). There are ongoing efforts to manage these wastes more effectively and sustainably.
Why is refining palm oil important?
The main purposes of palm oil refining process is to purify the oil and remove impurities through degumming，deacidification, decolorization and deodorization process and then obtain pure and relatively non-impurities of high-quality edible oil.
What are the steps in refining palm kernel oil?
The detailed refining steps of crude palm kernel oil generally includes four steps: degumming, deacidification, decolorization, and deodorization． (Related reding: How does the palm oil refinery plant work?) Degumming is the removal of phospholipids in crude edible oil.
What is the difference between physical and chemical refining of palm oil?
The difference between physical refining of palm oil and chemical refining of palm oil lies in the way that how to remove FFA. Chemical refining removes the FFA in the deacidification section while physical refining removes the FFA in the deodorization section.
What is the process of physical refinery?
In general, physical refining includes the following three main processing steps: Degumming to remove phosphatides. Bleaching and filtration to eliminate color pigments. Deodorization allows the elimination of free fatty acids and other volatile compounds.
What are the basics of a refinery?
How Does a Simple Refinery Operate? All refineries have three basic steps: separation, conversion and treatment. During the separation process, the liquids and vapors separate into petroleum components called factions based on their weight and boiling point in distillation units.
What are the products of palm oil refinery?
90% of RBD palm oil and its products are used for food, and the remaining 10% is used to produce soap noodles and the production of oleochemicals. RBD palm oil is used to manufacture fried
What are the benefits of refined palm oil?
Refined palm oil is made by bleaching, deodorizing, and neutralizing crude palm oil. People use palm oil for preventing and treating vitamin A deficiency. It is also used for malaria, heart disease, cancer, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these other uses.
What is the waste of palm oil refinery?
The industry generates substantial amounts of waste — including empty fruit bunches (EFBs), palm oil mill effluent (POME) and palm kernel shells (PKS). There are ongoing efforts to manage these wastes more effectively and sustainably.
What are the three basic steps in the refining process?
From powering vehicles and heating buildings, to paving roads and manufacturing petrochemicals, crude oil is used in a myriad of contexts. But before the resource can be sold as a finished product, it needs to undergo three major stages of refining: separation, conversion and treating.
Solvent extraction plant is recommended for large palm kernel oil mill with high capacity. However, for small factories of palm kernel oil extraction, screw pressing plant is suggested.
Basic Unit Operations of Solvent Extraction
Palm kernel pre-treatment;
Oil extraction;
Solvent Recovery from oil and meal;
Solvent Extraction Station of Oil Mill Plant
In the old days, all oil mills or factories adopted mechanical extraction method by use of screw press for kernel oil recovery. However, with the improvement and increasing number of bigger mills, solvent extraction is developed and getting more and more popular. At present, the following three types of extraction processes are wildly applied to vegetable and kernel oil processing plant.
Mechanical oil extraction utilizes high pressure oil expeller (screw press);
Direct solvent extraction by use of oil extractor;
Prepressing followed by solvent extraction;
The raw materials for palm kernel oil extraction are generally unbroken nut (kernel with shell). In pre-treatment process, the whole nuts are cracked. Then, the kernels are separated from the shells or hulls. For better extraction and manufacture premium palm kernel oil, fibre, shell and other unwanted materials are also removed in this process.
Why Choose Solvent Extraction Plant for Palm Kernel Oil Manufacturing?
Why palm kernel oil solvent extraction plant? Squeeze the oil out mechanically by use of screw oil mill (screw press) is the early means of seeds and nuts oil extraction. However, solvent extraction plant is ideal choice for large scale oil mill plant. The following is the main advantages of solvent extraction machine and plant:
Fit for mass production of kernel oil extraction;
High oil extraction rate, low oil residual in meal and high quality of meal;
Less horse power and low consumption;
Less maintenance;
Efficient and Reliable;
QI’E Group is a professional and reliable manufacturer focused on supplying premium solvent extraction machine and turnkey palm oil and palm kernel oil extraction plant. Low Cost and High Performance! Feel free to inquiry about the details and project cost of our machines and complete oil mill plant. We are always at your service!
